Continued.
. . 1, 2, 3,
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12
Miscellaneous
Responses from Substance P
Bacteria Binding to Lymphocytes Inhibited
The effects of substance P on Salmonella
sp. binding to human peripheral blood lymphocytes were evaluated. Two
parameters were considered,
the number of binding lymphocytes and the number of bacteria bound
to lymphocytes. Substance P inhibits both parameters in a significant
manner. The distribution of Salmonella binding to CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes
was also studied. Substance P inhibited binding of bacteria to both
T-cell subpopulations, particularly in the T-suppressor subset.44 See
Figure 6. (13KB .pdf)
This effect from substance P implies
that those experiencing great amounts of pain (fibromyalgia patients
included) have a lowered ability
to fight infectious microorganisms because of this agent and therefore
a greater chance for chronic infection from a variety of infectious
agents, including bacteria, fungi, mycoplasma, and virus. The successful
administration to fibromyalgia patients of both Sulfoxime™ and
Dioxychlor®, two antimicrobial agents, is in agreement with these
findings. The overgrowth of microorganisms can be seen with high-resolution
microscopy.
Cerebrospinal levels of substance
P were three times as high in fibromyalgia patients as in normal
controls (p < 0.001).130
Increased CNS Invasion by HIV-1 from Substance P
An envelope protein (gp120) of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1,
AIDS virus) damages the blood-brain barrier in the presence of substance
P and allows an early invasion of the Central Nervous System (CNS) by
the virus. Substance P is secreted by brain endothelium in response to
stimulation by gp120 and binds to brain endothelial cells through a receptor-mediated
mechanism.45
INFECTIOUS MICROORGANISMS
IN FIBROMYALGIA PATIENTS
Mycoplasma
Patients with CFS/FMS were examined for multiple mycoplasmal infections
in their blood using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A total of
91 patients diagnosed with CFS/FMS with a positive test for any mycoplasmal
infection were investigated for the presence of Mycoplasma fermentans,
M. pneumoniae, M. hominis, and M. penetrans in the blood. Among these
patients, infections were detected with M. pneumoniae (54/91), M.
fermentans (44/91), M. hominis (28/91), and M. penetrans (18/91).
Multiple mycoplasmal infections were found in 48 of 91 patients,
with double infections being detected in 30.8% and triple infections
in 22%, but only when one of the species was M. pneumoniae or M.
fermentans. Patients infected with more than one mycoplasmal species
generally had a longer history of illness, suggesting that they may
have contracted additional mycoplasmal infections with time.46 (See
Chart 2.) These mycoplasma are seen
with high resolution microscopy. (See Chart 2, Photo 1.)
Chart 2: Infection by Mycoplasma in Fibromyalgia Patients
Infectious Organism |
Number Infected of 91 Patients |
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
M. fermentans
M. hominis
M. penetrans |
54
44
28
18 |
Double infections found in 30.8%
Triple infections found in 22%
Photo 1: Mycoplasma Invagination on
Red Blood Cells
Darkfield
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
is also associated with a variety of neurological diseases, in some
instances directly invading the
CNS, including
encephalitis,47 meningoencephalitis and cerebellitis48 and
encephalopathy.49 M. pneumoniae
is also known to directly invade the brain parenchyma.50 Mycoplasma
fermentans has been found in the brain of some AIDS patients.51 Mycoplasma
attach to their host cells by means of surface membrane proteins
which have specificity for the target tissues.56,57 In
addition, with high-resolution microscopy, mycoplasma are readily
seen infecting red blood cells.
Virus
Of ninety patients diagnosed with
hepatitis C virus, 14 (16%) were also diagnosed with fibromyalgia.52
In a similar study of 112 patients
diagnosed with hepatitis C virus, 17 (15.2%) were also diagnosed
with fibromyalgia.53 HLB® coagulation
blood morphology microscopy associated with viral infection is
evident in FMS. Proprietary
Stabilized Active
Oxygen Carrier attacks and inactivates viruses by a specific mechanism
involving the oxidation of the guanine residue of DNA or RNA. This
guanine residue (G) is the same for both RNA. 58 .See Chart
3 and Photo 5 (viral bridges).
Photo 5: Black
Viral Bridges
HLB Coagulation Morphology
Bacteria
Antibodies to Chlamydia pneumoniae have been detected in the blood
of fibromyalgia patients, indicating infection with this organism.54 In
addition, Chlamydia infection of RBC are seen in FMS. (See Chart
3,
Photo 4.)
Chart 3: Virus and Bacteria in Fibromyalgia Patients
Virus
Hepatitis C
Fibromyalgia detected in 16% of Hepatitis C patients
Bacteria
Chlamydia Microscopy - 80% of fibromyalgia patients have Chlamydia
Antibodies to C. pneumoniae detected in fibromyalgia patients
Photo 4: Bacterial Invagination on Red Blood Cells
Darkfield
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