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From the Townsend Letter
June 2009


Clinical Efficacy of Systemic Enzyme Support
by Joseph J. Collins, RN, ND

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Clinical observations and literature review both affirm the conviction that providing "systemic enzyme support," using Wobenzym N or Wobenzym PS, is an essential component in successfully managing inflammation disorders and other conditions with immune system dysregulation.

In addition to improving clinical outcomes in conditions with overt inflammation, such as rheumatoid arthritis, thrombophlebitis, pyelonephritis, prostatitis, and psoriasis, systemic enzyme support is also effective in conditions with covert inflammation, such as osteoarthritis, angina, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarctions, and diabetes, to name a few. The adjuvant properties of systemic enzyme support have also been observed and documented for a number of cases including adnexitis, arthritis, papillomas and various forms of cancer. This article will familiarize clinicians with the therapeutic benefits of systemic enzyme support and review pertinent findings related to this treatment.

Systemic Enzyme Support Formulations
A significant amount of the published international literature describing the clinical benefits of systemic enzyme support is based on various formulations made for many decades by MUCOS Pharma, a Germany pharmaceutical company. Although the company was sold, Wobenzym N is still manufactured in Germany, and is distributed by MUCOS LLC, an American company.

The history of Wobenzym is significant in that systemic enzyme support requires sophisticated processing techniques to be effective. Systemic enzyme support formulations are considered prescription drugs in part of Europe, and manufactured to the same high standards as pharmaceuticals. The Wobenzym N and Wobenzym PS animal enzyme, plant enzyme, and rutosid combinations are the most researched systemic enzyme formulations in the world, used by athletes, doctors and millions of others to help normalize inflammation, speed recovery from sports and other routine injuries, and promote healthy circulation.

The active constituents in Wobenzym N and Wobenzym PS are delivered through tablets that have a special enteric coating which can withstand the acid environment in the stomach, which is important since enzymes can be damaged by stomach acid. Once the tablet has passed a safe distance from the stomach acids, it dissolves and the enzymes are efficiently absorbed by the mucosal membrane of the intestine. This process is most effective if the tablets are taken away from meals.

Inflammation Observed
Enzymes are biological molecules that increase the rate of chemical reactions. In the human body, thousands of chemical reactions occur during the course of normal metabolic processes. These reactions require significant energy in order to take place. Enzymes act as catalysts to lower the energy needed for the reaction to move forward. As such, enzymes maintain optimal function of the various systems in the body and support overall good health and optimal quality of life.

The immune system is very dependent on proper enzyme function in regard to regulating inflammation as well as protecting cells from damage. Cytokine activity, and the clearance of excessive inflammatory cytokines, is regulated by proteases, enzymes which degrade proteins. The clearance of tissue proteins and peptides damaged by inflammation is also mediated by proteases. Proteases significantly reduce concentrations of advance glycation end-products (AGEs) and protect cells by decreasing their receptor (RAGE) activation. Proteases also downregulate adhesion molecule activity in inflamed as well as malignant cells.

This inflammation response can be quite aggressive, and manifest as the five cardinal signs of inflammation recognized ages ago: redness, heat, swelling, pain and loss of function, classically referred to in Latin as rubor, calor, tumor, dolor, and functio laesa. These symptoms diminish quality of life and may portend serious disease. Therefore, clinically evident inflammation is often recognized as the body's communicating an inability to control proper cellular processes.

In addition to the clinical signs of inflammation, laboratory tests often show increased levels in the various biomarkers of inflammation that are also associated with increased morbidity and mortality. These include the well known erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Circulating immune complexes (CICs) and immunoglobulins (IgG, IgE, IgA, and IgM) are often elevated by excessive inflammation. Excessive fibrin activity and increased amyloid beta-peptide can also be quantified in the presence of imbalanced inflammation. Certain cytokine levels may also increase, which may cause further imbalance in the immune system.

The change in certain cytokine levels is of specific interest because it allows us to recognize when the immune system has become significantly imbalanced, and elucidates how immunomodulation can be achieved through the use of systemic enzymes.

Inflammation and Cytokines
Cytokines are signaling proteins and glycoproteins involved in cellular communications that play a dominant role in maintaining the normal inflammatory processes of the immune system. Cytokines such as interferon-gamma (INF-g), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-b), and interleukins (IL-2, IL-6, IL-12, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10) are produced de novo (on demand) in various cells as a direct response to stimulation of the immune system. They are produced by a wide variety of cells and are typically subdivided into two categories, Th1 and Th2. A balance between Th1 and Th2 responses is best for optimal health.

Th1 cytokines tend to produce the pro-inflammatory responses involved in antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal responses. Excessive Th1 responses can lead to uncontrolled tissue damage and may perpetuate autoimmune responses. A relative excess in Th1 is also observed in acute inflammation. Th2 cytokines tend to produce anti-inflammatory responses and can counteract the Th1-mediated microbicidal actions. Excessive TH2 responses are associated with allergies and atopy (asthma, eczema, allergic rhinitis, and allergic conjunctivitis). A relative excess in Th2 is also observed in chronic inflammation.

The binding and removal of excessive cytokines is mediated by a-2-macroglobulin (alpha 2-macroglobulin), a naturally occurring high-molecular-weight plasma glycoprotein. Proteases bind with a-2-macroglobulins to create a-2-macroglobulin-protease complexes and transform the a-2-macroglobulin from its native form into the active form.1 Systemic enzyme support increases endogenous proteases and promotes the activation of a-2-macroglobulin.

The newly activated a-2-macroglobulin-protease complex now has increased binding capacity for certain cytokines, as well as other proteins and glycoproteins.2 Protease activation of a-2-macroglobulin also facilitates its binding to, and elimination of, proteins damaged by oxidative stress or heat3 as well as the degradation and clearance of the amyloid beta peptide (A beta), a major component of senile plaques in Alzheimer's patients.4,5

These activated alpha 2-macroglobulin-proteinase complexes, which now bind excessive cytokines and damaged proteins, were also activated for receptor-mediated endocytosis when they were transformed by the protease enzymes. Therefore, these complexes, as well as the cytokines and debris they carry, are quickly removed by hepatic a-2M-receptors (a-2M-R)5, and other cells expressing a-2M-R, such as macrophages.6,7 The removal of damaged proteins, cellular debris, and unwanted peptides (such as amyloid beta peptides) is a normal immune-system response to defend the body from all pathogenic influences – whatever their origin, whatever their size.

Since excessive cytokines are involved in autoaggressive inflammatory processes, the binding to cytokines and the removal of cytokines by the activated a-2-macroglobulin proteins support a balanced and properly functioning immune system. Therefore the removal of excessive cytokines allows the immune system to restore Th1/Th2 balance. Once cytokine levels are restored to their optimal physiologically balanced state, the immune system is able to resume its function of protecting the body and initiating the healing process. With renewal of the normal inflammatory process, the regenerative processes of the immune system are again allowed to function.

Restoring Immunostasis
As noted, the clearance of excessive cytokines, the clearance of proteins and peptides damaged by inflammation, the inactivation of AGEs, and the inactivation of adhesion molecules in inflamed and malignant cells are all mediated by proteolytic enzymes. A balanced immune system – immunostasis – can be manifested by using systemic enzyme support, which provides the essential proteolytic enzymes. Systemic enzyme support can be defined as a treatment modality that uses oral administration of exogenous hydrolytic (mainly proteolytic) enzymes of animal origin (trypsin, chymotrypsin) and plant origin (bromelain, papain) in the form of enteric-coated tablets for supporting healthy and normal inflammatory processes in the body.

Systemic enzyme support using Wobenzym N and Wobenzym PS is able to influence immunity in such a fashion as to reduce pain, swelling, inflammation, edema and lymphedema, and increase fibrinolysis, and the clearance of harmful immune complexes that are a result of antibody reactions. Systemic enzyme support provides enzymes that can be utilized to assist the body's various regulatory and communications systems and supports the function of tissues at a cellular level. Systemic enzyme support has application for degenerative and autoimmune diseases, and as an adjuvant to improve efficacy of anti-infectives in infectious diseases.

Conditions Treated with Systemic Enzyme Support
Based on clinical observations and literature review, systemic enzyme support effectively improves the treatment of conditions with an autoaggressive component by promoting the decomposition and elimination of disease-associated CICs. Improvements in CRP, ESR, and other biomarkers of inflammation are also noted. Clinical improvement is noted in a wide range of conditions, with benefits observed in treating various body systems.

Nervous system disorders such as multiple sclerosis showed a decrease in number and duration of attacks because of decreased inflammatory activity due to systemic enzyme support.8 A notable increase in the degradation and clearance of the A beta peptide can reduce the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease.9,10 The cardiovascular system benefits by reduced risks of reinfarction after an MI because of the hypolipidemic and immunonormalizing benefits of systemic enzyme support.11 Patients with stable angina pectoris had a demonstrable reduction in the frequency and intensity of angina pectoris attacks and increased tolerance of physical work load with systemic enzyme support.12 Diseases of the venous system, including acute thrombophlebitis and postthrombophlebitic syndrome, were dramatically improved by systemic enzyme support, with a notable decrease of pain and reduction of edema and throphic ulcers.13,14 Other research showed highly effective resolution of lymphedema in both upper and lower extremities due to fibrinolytic and antiedematous effects of systemic enzyme support.15,16

Respiratory health is improved by systemic enzyme support, with a notable reduction of both frequency and severity of recurrent respiratory tract infections. Researchers have concluded that systemic enzyme support represents a novel therapeutic modality that helps in treating children showing a high sickness rate, and noted that the number and severity of dyspnea attacks decreased in children with proven asthma.17,18

Integumentary conditions had improved clinical success when systemic enzyme support was added as an adjuvant to other conventional therapies. The inclusion of systemic enzyme support in treatment of psoriasis significantly decreases the exudative component of exacerbation, increased regression, and decreases recurrence.19 Eczema (atopic dermatitis) treated with only systemic enzyme support resulted in reduced skin itching manifestations, and in combination with basic conventional therapies, the treatment notably accelerated the desirable effects.20

Urinary system condition improvements due to treatment with systemic enzyme support include a major reduction in relapsing urinary tract infections, in recurrence of kidney stones, and in progression of diabetic nephropathy. There are also positive clinicolaboratory results that considerably exceeded those for conventional drug treatment in patients with pyelonephritis.21

Reproductive, thyroid, and women's and men's health conditions can all be more effectively managed with systemic enzyme support. It is an important part of the complex therapy of male and female sterility, recurrent miscarriages, and chronic infections of the reproductive system. Systemic enzyme support is an effective immunomodulator for both autoimmune and alloimmune infertility.22,23 In women, it is effective for treatment in chronic pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and as adjuvant in treatment of acute adnexitis.24,25 In men, systemic enzyme support is a very efficient therapy for both bacterial and abacterial prostatitis, as well as associated sexual dysfunction.26,27 Systemic enzyme support is also a very effective therapy for the management of fibrocystic breast disease and does not interfere with already upset hormonal balance.28,29 Autoimmune thyroid disease treated with systemic enzyme support resulted in a significant decrease of TSH, anti-TG and anti-TPO and allowed the lowering of L-thyroxine dosages.30

Joint health is profoundly improved by systemic enzyme support. It is an effective and safe alternative to NSAIDS (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) in the treatment of painful episodes of osteoarthritis of the knee and hip.31,32 Systemic enzyme support protects and preserves joint cartilage significantly better than NSAIDs in rheumatoid arthritis.33,34 Gout therapies are significantly improved by the addition of systemic enzyme support.35 The addition of systemic enzyme support improved both articular signs and extra-articular manifestations in the majority of the children with juvenile chronic arthritis and was able to help limit the use of corticosteroids in some children. In addition to osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gouty arthridities, and juvenile arthritis, systemic enzyme support has also been shown as effective in the treatment of psoriatic arthritis. It is fair to say that systemic enzyme support could be used in any form of arthritis.

Sports medicine is another area in which systemic enzyme support excels. Sport- and exercise-related muscle pain and inflammation provoked by a strong physical tension, excessive training, and heavy competition rate are decreased with "excellent results" due to the selective interferences of enzymes with the pathophysiologic mechanisms of exercise-induced inflammation.36 A prophylactic administration of systemic enzyme support in top athletes who are at risk of injury results in significantly reduced duration of injury symptoms and related absences from training and work. Systemic enzyme support also improves recovery from sprains, as well as shortens recovery from sport injuries severe enough to require surgery.37,38

Biomarkers of Inflammation and Systemic Enzyme Support
It is again important to note that the studies showing clinical efficacy in the aforementioned conditions are based on the enteric coated polyenzyme formulations that originated from Germany. Clinicians can be confident that they will observe the same degree of clinical efficacy with Wobenzym N and Wobenzym PS, which are manufactured in Germany by that company. As well as the clinically observable benefits, systemic enzyme support improves or normalizes the levels of several biomarkers of inflammation, as mentioned above.

The decreased CIC levels resulted in significant improvement in a variety of conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, atopic dermatitis, Behçet's disease, chronic hepatitis, diabetes mellitus, and myocardial infarction.39-47 Decreased erythrocyte sedimentation rate was observed in urinary tract infections, adnexitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and surgical cases.48-52 Decreased CRP levels in lymphedema, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and surgical cases were associated with improved clinical outcomes.53,54 The normalization of cytokine levels after tissue injury and inflammation was observed in rheumatoid arthritis and angina pectoris treated with systemic enzyme support.55,56 Normalization of immunoglobulins (IgG, IgE, IgA, IgM) is observable in treated cases of atopic dermatitis, recurrent infections of respiratory tract and rheumatoid arthritis.57,58 The restoration of normal fibrinolytic properties by systemic enzyme support is considered as vital for disease state management in rheumatology, immune complex diseases, traumatology, surgery, oncology, inflammations, and vascular diseases, as well as diseases with an infection component.59,60 Systemic enzyme support can also upregulate amyloid beta catabolism and reduce the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease by preventing amyloid beta accumulation in brain and vasculature.61

Conclusion
Systemic enzyme support has been demonstrated to be an effective treatment either as primary therapy or adjuvant therapy that improves clinical outcomes of diseases that are difficult to manage. Systemic enzyme support has been reported to have excellent tolerance and superior safety when compared with some conventional therapies.62-64 The safety and efficacy of systemic enzyme support with Wobenzym N or Wobenzym PS is coupled with a consumer loyalty rate of over 80%. This significant compliance to systemic enzyme support is believed to be primarily due to its effectiveness.

More information can be found at www.SystemicEnzymeSupport.org, a noncommercial a health education and wellness promotion website dedicated to teaching the clinical efficacy of systemic enzyme support.

Notes
1. Gonias SL, Pizzo SV. Conformation and protease binding activity of binary and ternary human alpha 2-macroglobulin-protease complexes.
J Biol Chem. 1983 Dec 10;258(23):14682–14685.
2. LaMarre J, Wollenberg GK, Gonias SL, Hayes MA. Cytokine binding and clearance properties of proteinase-activated alpha 2-macroglobulins.
Lab Invest. 1991 Jul;65(1):3–14.
3. French K, Yerbury JJ, Wilson MR. Protease activation of alpha2-macroglobulin modulates a chaperone-like action with broad specificity.
Biochemistry. 2008 Jan 29;47(4):1176–1185.
4. Lauer D, Reichenbach A, Birkenmeier G. Alpha 2-macroglobulin-mediated degradation of amyloid beta 1–42: a mechanism to enhance amyloid beta catabolism.
Exp Neurol. 2001 Feb;167(2):385–392.
5. Qiu WQ, Borth W, Ye Z, Haass C, Teplow DB, Selkoe DJ. Degradation of amyloid beta-protein by a serine protease-alpha2-macroglobulin complex.
J Biol Chem. 1996 Apr 5;271(14):8443–8451.
6. Misra UK, Sharma T, Pizzo SV. Ligation of cell surface-associated glucose-regulated protein 78 by receptor-recognized forms of alpha 2-macroglobulin: activation of p21-activated protein kinase-2-dependent signaling in murine peritoneal macrophages.
J Immunol. 2005 Aug 15;175(4):2525–2533.
7. Feldman SR, Ney KA, Gonias SL, Pizzo SV. In vitro binding and in vivo clearance of human alpha 2-macroglobulin after reaction with endoproteases from four different classes.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1983 Jul 29;114(2):757–762.
8. Mertin J, Stauder G, ESEMS working group. Use of oral enzymes in multiple sclerosis patients.
Int J Tissue React. 1997. 19(1–2):95.
9. Lauer D et al. Op. cit.
10. Qiu WQ, Borth W, Ye Z, Haass C, Teplow DB, Selkoe DJ. Degradation of amyloid beta-protein by a serine protease-alpha2-macroglobulin complex.
J Biol Chem. 1996 Apr 5;271(14):8443–8451.
11. Sledzevskaya IK, Loboda MV, Kolesnik EA, Babiy LN, Fisenko LI. Systemic enzyme treatment as a method of secondary prevention in patients after myocardial infarction in the rehabilitation period. II Mediterranean Congress of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 20–23 May 1998; Valencia, Spain. Abstracts: 137–489 KA (19-08-3).
12. Mazurov VI, Stolov SV, Linetskaya NE, Onyschenko EF. Systemic enzyme therapy in the complex treatment of angina pectoris.
Int J Immunother. 2001, 17(2–4):113–120.
13. Kopadze, TS, Natsvlishvili GA, Tvaladze MG, Avazashvili, DN. Application of Wobenzym and Phlogenzym to the angiology and vascular surgery.
Georgian Med News. 2001. 2(71):27–29.
14. Koshkin VM, Kirienko AI, Leontjev SG, Agafonov VF. Systemic enzyme therapy of lower limb postphlebitic syndrome.
Angiol Sosud Khir. 2000. 6(2):61–64.
15. Wald M. Diagnosis and treatment of lymphedema.
Interní Medicína Pro Praxi. 2003;269(8):415–417.
16. Kafková H., Kojanová M. Lymphedema.
Postgraduální Medicína. 2003;5(6):626–633.
17. Vokálová I. Systemic enzyme therapy in the treatment of children with recurrent infections of respiratory tract.
Vox Pediatriae. 2003;2(9):29–30.
18. Shved MI, Dubkova GI. Therapeutic efficacy of Wobenzym in patients with focal pneumonia.
Visnik Naukovych Doslidženij. 1999(2):79–82.
19. Milus IE. Wobenzym in the treatment of patients with psoriasis.
Zurnal Dermatologii I Venerologii. 1998;2(6):35–36.
20. Samtsov AV, Mazurov V I, Tabachnov VV. Systemic enzyme therapy in the treatment of neurodermitis (atopic dermatitis) patients. Skin and Venereal Diseases Department of Sankt-Petersburg's Military Medicine Academy Conference: New Aspects of Systemic Enzyme Therapy; 1999; Moscow.
21. Schved NI, Martyniuk LP. Clinico-laboratory evaluation of treatment efficacy in chronic pyelonephritis patients with Wobenzym.
Vratschebnaya Praktika. 1997;4:38–42.
22. Nouza K, Madar J. Immunomodulation in the treatment of reproduction disturbances.
Am J Reprod Immunol. 2001;46;(1):106.
23. Ivaniyta LI, Ivaniyta SO, Kornatskaya AG, Belis NI, Kondratiyk. Systemic enzyme therapy in the treatment of chronic salpingitis and infertility.
Farm Zh. [Kiev]. 1998(2):89–92.
24. Friedrich F. Wobenzym in the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease. Study NR.: MU-89210. Germany Report provides through: PHARMASCRIPT, Kathi Kobus increase 1, W-8190 Wolf-advice-live, to Germany Report: 30. 5. 1989.
25. Dittmar F-W, Weissenbacher ER. Therapy of adnexitis – enhancement of the basic antibiotic therapy with hydrolytic enzymes.
Int J Exp Clin Chemother. 1992;5(2):73–81.
26. Schlüter, P. Phlogenzym in the treatment of chronic prostatitis. PharmaScript, Primelweg 2, D-82538 Geretsried, Germany. 30 Oct 1997.
27. Izbasarov AI, Ismoldaev ES, Khusainov TE. Special treatment of patients suffering from a mixed copulatory dysfunction with interoreceptive syndrome. 3rd Urology Congress of Khazakhstan; May 25–26, 2000; Almaty.
28. Loginova NS, Naumkina NG, Sukhikh GT. Wobenzym in therapy of various forms of fibrocystic disease with individually selected immunomodulators. International Congress: Advances in Immunology and Allergology at the Threshold of the XXI Century; May 3–6, 2000; Eilat, Israel.
29. Rammer E, Friedrich F. Enzyme therapy in treatment of mastopathy. A randomized double-blind clinical study.
Wien Klin Wochenschr. 1996;108(6):180–183.
30. Kvantchakhadze RG. Wobenzym in the complex treatment of autoimmune thyroiditis.
Int J Immunorehabil. 2002;4(1):114.
31. Akhtar NM, Naseer R, Farooqi AZ, Aziz W, Nazir M. Oral enzyme combination versus diclofenac in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee – a double-blind prospective randomized study.
Clin Rheumatol. 2004 Oct;23(5):410–415. Epub 2004 Jul 24.
32. Klein G, Kullich W, Schnitker J, Schwann H. Efficacy and tolerance of an oral enzyme combination in painful osteoarthritis of the hip. A double-blind, randomised study comparing oral enzymes with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2006 Jan–Feb;24(1):25–30.
33. Guseinov NI. Wobenzym in therapy of rheumatoid arthritis.
Int J Immunorehabil. 2001;3(2):73–74.
34. Klein G, Kullich W. Pain reduction in rheumatic diseases by oral therapy with enzymes.
Wien Med Wschr. 1999;149:577–580.
35. Kovalenko VN, Siniatchenko OV, Ignatchenko GA, Terzov AI, Grin VK, Lauschkina EM. Systemic enzyme therapy in the gout treatment.
Ukrainskii Kardiologitschnyi Zurnal. 1998:1,53–56.
36. Nouza K. Physical activity and immune system. Systemic enzyme therapy in prevention and treatment.
Medicina Sportiva Boh Slov. 1997;6(2):41–45.
37. Zuschlag JM. Prophylactic administration of Wobenzym to reduce consequences of sports injuries in karate fighters. MUCOS Pharma GmbH & Co, Dept. Clinical Research, Geretsried, Germany.
38. Kerkhoffs GM, Struijs PA, de Wit C, Rahlfs VW, Zwipp H, van Dijk CN. A double blind, randomised, parallel group study on the efficacy and safety of treating acute lateral ankle sprain with oral hydrolytic enzymes.
Br J Sports Med. 2004 Aug;38(4):431–435.
39. Vassilenko AM, Fessenko VI, Schvets SV. Efficacy of systemic enzyme therapy in the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis B.
Int J Immunother. 2001;17(2–4):93–97.
40. Orekhov AN, Kalenich OS, Tertov VV, Novikov ID. Lipoprotein immune complexes as markers of atherosclerosis.
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41. Dzivite I, Sochnevs A, Stauder G, Zeibarts M, Lauga U, Ansbergs J. Regular intake of Wobenzym may prevent late complications in diabetes mellitus.
Int. J. Immunother. 2001;17(2–4):143–148.
42. Sledzevskaya IK et al. Op cit.
43. Wrba H.
Systemic Enzyme Therapy – Newest Status and Progress. Therapie Woche 1987, Jahrgang 37(7 SO 11 (19-02-3).
44. Samtsov AV et al. Op cit.
45. Mazourov VI, Lila AM, Klimko NN, Raimuev KV, Makulova TG. The efficacy of systemic enzyme therapy in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
Int J Immunother. 1997;13(3/4):85–91.
46. Kartvelishvili E, Shalamberidze L, Torondjadze M. The results of long-term use of Wobenzym in complex management of Behcet's disease. International Congress: Advances in Immunology and Allergology at the Threshold of the XXI Century; May 3–6, 2000; Eilat, Israel.
47. Borisov AV, Ukhal MI, Kabak YuA, Borisov SA. Immunological aspects of systemic enzyme therapy (SET) in the complex treatment of recurrent nephrolithiasis. 1st National Congress of the Ukraine on Immunology, Allergology, and Immunorehabilitation.
48. Schlüter P. Phlogenzym in patients with relapsing urinary tract infections: efficacy & tolerance. Schlüter. Gartenstraße 96, D-69502 Hemsbach, Germany. Report by: MUCOS Pharma GmbH & Co, Abt. Klinische Forschung, Kirchplatz 8, D-82538 Geretsried, Germany
49. Dittmar F-W, Weissenbacher ER. Op cit.
50. Shaivok AV, Movsisyan GR, Stolyarova AV. Wogenzym® in the treatment of patients with juvenile chronic arthritis.
Int J Immunother. 1997;13(3/4):93–96.
51. Kovalenko V, Golovkov Y, Golovatcky I. Using of systemic enzymotherapy for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
Rheumatologia. 1998;36(Suppl) (abst 140):206.
52. Naumenko L. Yu. Use of systemic enzyme therapy in the treatment of hand injuries and their consequences. Presented at: Current Treatment Aspects of Wrist Injuries and Their Consequences; Dnepropetrovsk; 1998.
53. Kasseroller R, Wenning .G. Efficacy and tolerability of proteolytic enzymes as an anti-inflammatory agent in lymphoedema after axillary dissection due to mammary cancer.
Eur J Lymphol. 2002–2003;10(37–38):18–26.
54. Szilasiová A, Macejová Ž, Jautová J, Pundová L. Our experience with Wobenzym in the treatment of patients with rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis.
Prakt Lék. 1998;78(7):366–368.
55. LaMarre J, Wollenberg GK, Gonias SL, Hayes MA. Cytokine binding and clearance properties of proteinase-activated alpha 2-macroglobulins.
Lab Invest. 1991 Jul;65(1):3–14.
56. Mazourov VI et al. Op cit.
57. Samtsov AV et al. Op cit.
58. Vokálová I. Op cit.
59. Wrba H. Op cit.
60. Dittmar F-W, Weissenbacher ER. Op cit.
61. Lauer D et al. Op cit.
62. Korpan MI, Fialka V. Wobenzyme and diuretic therapy in lymphedema after breast operation.
Wien Med Wochenschr. 1996;146(4):67–72,74.
63. Schlüter P. Phlogenzym in the treatment of chronic prostatitis. Op cit.
64. Akhtar NM et al. Op cit.



 

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